Why Do Pets Have Anal Glands—and Why Do They Sometimes Go Wrong?
Most pet parents have never heard of anal glands—until their dog starts scooting across the floor or their cat won’t stop licking their backside. Suddenly, it’s hard to ignore. So, what exactly are anal glands, and why do they cause so many problems?
The Basics: What Are Anal Glands?
Anal glands (or anal sacs) are two small pockets located just inside your pet’s rectum, one on each side. These sacs release a strong-smelling fluid whenever your pet poops. In the wild, this scent helps animals mark their territory or identify one another.
Most of the time, the glands empty naturally during bowel movements. But when they don’t, the fluid builds up—and that’s when issues start.
Signs of Anal Gland Problems in Pets
If the glands become blocked, inflamed, or infected, your pet may show symptoms like:
- Scooting or dragging their rear on the ground
- Licking or chewing around the tail or backside
- Swelling near the anus, or a strong, fishy smell
These are clear signs your pet may need a vet visit. Ignoring them can lead to more serious infections or even abscesses that rupture.
Does My Dog Need Their Anal Glands Expressed?
Some dogs, especially smaller breeds, may need their anal glands manually emptied every few weeks. While many dogs go their whole lives without needing help, others may require regular care from a vet or groomer.
If the glands are impacted or infected, treatment may also involve antibiotics or pain relief. Never attempt to express the glands yourself unless instructed by a veterinary professional—doing it wrong can cause pain or injury.
Preventing Anal Gland Issues
The good news? There are ways to help keep your pet’s anal glands healthy. Here’s what can help:
- Add fiber: Fiber helps firm up stools, which encourages natural gland expression. Canned pumpkin or vet-approved supplements like Glandex are great options.
- Watch their weight: Overweight pets are more prone to gland issues because the extra fat can interfere with proper drainage.
- Stay on schedule: Routine checkups give your vet the chance to spot minor problems before they become major ones.
Also worth noting: Back pain or mobility issues can interfere with your pet’s ability to squat properly, which can affect how well their glands empty.
Breeds with Higher Risk
While any dog can experience anal gland issues, some breeds are more commonly affected:
- Chihuahuas
- Dachshunds
- Poodles
- Cocker Spaniels
If you have one of these breeds, be extra mindful of the signs.
When Gland Problems Keep Coming Back
Chronic anal gland problems may eventually require surgical removal of the glands. While this isn’t common, it can provide long-term relief for pets who deal with ongoing infections or impactions. Surgery is usually considered when dietary changes, supplements, and routine expressions don’t resolve the issue.
What About Cats?
Cats are less likely to have anal gland problems, but it can happen—especially in overweight or sedentary cats. Like with dogs, a high-fiber diet can help. In rare cases, if the glands are leaking or infected regularly, surgical removal might be recommended.
Don’t Wait—Get It Checked Out
If your pet is scooting, licking, or just seems uncomfortable near their rear, trust your instincts and contact your vet. Anal gland problems may be common, but that doesn’t mean they’re harmless.
A quick exam and simple treatment can bring fast relief—and prevent a small issue from turning into something more serious.